Among the fascinating customs of Kuruba Gowdas is also the use of Hatti Kankana(ಹತ್ತಿ ಕಂಕಣ) and Unne Kankaka(ಉಣ್ಣೆ ಕಂಕಣ ) during marriages. In fact all Kuruba Gowdas are split into two groups depending on which type of thread they use during their marriages. Most other costums and traditions remain the same between these two groups.
"Hatti" is cotton and "Unne" is wool from the sheep. Kankana is the the thread made with either of them and which is tied to the wrist of the groom and bride during their marriage ceremony. Usually the marriage is between the same group of people, that is the Hatti Kankana followers marry the followers of the same custom and vise versa. But in modern times this has not been strictly followed and marriages between Hatti Kankana and Unne Kankana people are common.
The story behind this custom and division of Kuruba Gowdas into two groups goes back to the ancient times many thousands of years ago. An ancestor of Kurubas called "Padma Gonda"(ಪದ್ಮಗೊಂಡ) had two wives, the first wife was a Kuruba Gowdathi and the second wife belonged to the brahmin community. So Padmagonda decides to marry off the children born to his first wife by tying the cotton thread to their wrists and he marries off the children born to his second wife by tying the woollen thread to their wrists, thus heralding the formation of this custom.
Please put some light on hande kuruba.
ReplyDeleteHatti Kankana - Those born of Padmagonda and his Kuruba wife (considered pure Kurubas)
ReplyDeleteUnne Kankana - Those born of Padmagonda and his Brahmin wife (are hybrid Kurubas).
In olden days the hatti Kankana were considered superior owing to their pure Kuruba lineage. Modern genetics however proves that offsprings of exogamous relationship (cross between different communities in thus context) are better.
Also note that the figure Padmagonda is known by different names. For ex. Edgar Thurston in his book "Castes and Tribes of Southern India" mentions this name as Undala Padmanna.
Haaaa Dr vvk padmagond first wife use unni and second wife belong to brahman cast padmagond randi use hatti so unnikankan people belong gharati makkulu and hattikankan people belong randi makkulu firstly read correct history after comment
DeleteIn Telangana, the Unni Kankana are considered true Kurumas(Kuruba)and are powerful. Only Unni Kankana and Patti (Hatti) Kankana are mainly used during marriages. For example, if the groom belongs to Unni Kankana and the bride belongs to Patti Kankana, Unni Kankana is followed because the groom’s lineage takes precedence. In such marriages, the rituals follow the Unni Kankana thread. Similarly, if the marriage follows the Patti tradition, then Unni Kankana follows the Hatti (Patti) thread in their customs.
DeleteHowever, in Telangana, Unni Kankana and Patti Kankana are the same, with no egos or individual distinctions. They live together in harmony. In Telangana, people from both Unni Kankana and Patti Kankana serve as Pujaris (priests) in Mallanna and Beerappa temples. Many temples dedicated to these deities were built by the Kuruma community during the Kakatiya period.
The Kuruma (Kuruba) and Dhangar communities were originally shepherds who later adopted agriculture and became landlords. Logically, Hatti cannot be considered higher than Unni. During the Kakatiya period, the Kurumas were closely related to the Kakatiya rulers. To uphold religious power within the Yadava lineage, King Prataparudra granted powerful seats (peethams). Out of 14 such seats, 12 were given to those of the Golla gothra, and 2 head seats were assigned to those of the Kuruba (Kuruma) gothra. Sri Kondiah Guru, who belonged to the Kuruba caste, managed all affairs as the head of these seats.
The older generation of Kurumas, including our great-grandmothers and great-grandfathers, spoke the Kuruma language, which was said to be a mix of Kannada and Marathi. However, the present generation no longer speaks this language. Some historical sources state that the Kuruma people migrated from Karnataka and Maharashtra to Telangana. In Telangana, the Golla community population is around 22 lakhs, while the Kuruma population is approximately 7 to 8 lakhs. Despite this distinction, both the Kuruma and Golla communities belong to the Yadava lineage.
During the Kakatiya period, out of the 14 powerful seats given to the Yadava lineage, 2 head seats were allocated to the Kuruma (Kuruba) community. If we examine Kakatiya inscriptions (Shasanas), they were written in Kannada and Telugu. Some historical evidence suggests that the Kurumas (Kurubas) were closely associated with the Kakatiyas. In fact, the official website of Hanamkonda district mentions that the Yadava kings were Kakatiyas, further supporting this connection.
During the reign of Prataparudra Maharaja in 1425 AD, and after the Sultanate invasions, Sultan Abdulla of the Qutb Shahi dynasty arrived in Bhagyanagar and Golconda in 1560 AD. At that time, the Qutb Shahis renamed Golconda as 'Manugal.' In 1071 Hijri (corresponding to the late 17th century), after Sultan Abdulla's arrival, Kondiah, the head of the (Kuruma/Kuruba) seat, rebuilt it. Inscriptions mention that gold coins minted by the Kakatiyas were unearthed at that time. This is also documented in the book Yadavas Through the Ages by J.N. Singh Yadav.
Because of their close ties with the Kakatiya dynasty, the Kakatiya feudatories Harihara Raya and Bukka Raya, who belonged to the Kuruba (Kuruma) community, later established the Vijayanagara Kingdom.
Following the Delhi Sultanate’s invasion of Devagiri, the Kakatiya Kingdom declined. During this period, Reddy tahsildars supported the Delhi Sultans. After the fall of the Kakatiyas, Harihara and Bukka left Warangal and went on to establish the Vijayanagara Empire.
hatti kankana is considered as excellest when compared to unne kanana........because in haalumata hatti kankana people are called for pooja, taking money or calling them for opening home, business etc......hatti kankana people hands are considered as excellest
ReplyDeleteHatti kankana people wear shivalinga,they do pooja of shivalinga and hatti kankana kurubas most of them dont eat non veg....but in modern days most of non eating caste are also voilating......even jain,brhamins, lingayats call hatti kankana kuruba for all functions as because of their hands are excellest (shreshta)......In kurubas haalumata hatti kankana kuruba is considered as shreshta (excellest)
ReplyDeleteWill our culture allow's marriage between boy belong to hatti kankana with girl belongs to unni kankana?
ReplyDeleteYes, In Telangana, the Unni Kankana are considered true Kurumas(Kuruba)and are powerful. Only Unni Kankana and Patti (Hatti) Kankana are mainly used during marriages. For example, if the groom belongs to Unni Kankana and the bride belongs to Patti Kankana, Unni Kankana is followed because the groom’s lineage takes precedence. In such marriages, the rituals follow the Unni Kankana thread. Similarly, if the marriage follows the Patti tradition, then Unni Kankana follows the Hatti (Patti) thread in their customs.
DeleteHowever, in Telangana, Unni Kankana and Patti Kankana are the same, with no egos or individual distinctions. They live together in harmony. In Telangana, people from both Unni Kankana and Patti Kankana serve as Pujaris (priests) in Mallanna and Beerappa temples. Many temples dedicated to these deities were built by the Kuruma community during the Kakatiya period.
The Kuruma (Kuruba) and Dhangar communities were originally shepherds who later adopted agriculture and became landlords. Logically, Hatti cannot be considered higher than Unni. During the Kakatiya period, the Kurumas were closely related to the Kakatiya rulers. To uphold religious power within the Yadava lineage, King Prataparudra granted powerful seats (peethams). Out of 14 such seats, 12 were given to those of the Golla gothra, and 2 head seats were assigned to those of the Kuruba (Kuruma) gothra. Sri Kondiah Guru, who belonged to the Kuruba caste, managed all affairs as the head of these seats.
The older generation of Kurumas, including our great-grandmothers and great-grandfathers, spoke the Kuruma language, which was said to be a mix of Kannada and Marathi. However, the present generation no longer speaks this language. Some historical sources state that the Kuruma people migrated from Karnataka and Maharashtra to Telangana. In Telangana, the Golla community population is around 22 lakhs, while the Kuruma population is approximately 7 to 8 lakhs. Despite this distinction, both the Kuruma and Golla communities belong to the Yadava lineage.
During the Kakatiya period, out of the 14 powerful seats given to the Yadava lineage, 2 head seats were allocated to the Kuruma (Kuruba) community. If we examine Kakatiya inscriptions (Shasanas), they were written in Kannada and Telugu. Some historical evidence suggests that the Kurumas (Kurubas) were closely associated with the Kakatiyas. In fact, the official website of Hanamkonda district mentions that the Yadava kings were Kakatiyas, further supporting this connection.
During the reign of Prataparudra Maharaja in 1425 AD, and after the Sultanate invasions, Sultan Abdulla of the Qutb Shahi dynasty arrived in Bhagyanagar and Golconda in 1560 AD. At that time, the Qutb Shahis renamed Golconda as 'Manugal.' In 1071 Hijri (corresponding to the late 17th century), after Sultan Abdulla's arrival, Kondiah, the head of the (Kuruma/Kuruba) seat, rebuilt it. Inscriptions mention that gold coins minted by the Kakatiyas were unearthed at that time. This is also documented in the book Yadavas Through the Ages by J.N. Singh Yadav.
Because of their close ties with the Kakatiya dynasty, the Kakatiya feudatories Harihara Raya and Bukka Raya, who belonged to the Kuruba (Kuruma) community, later established the Vijayanagara Kingdom.
Following the Delhi Sultanate’s invasion of Devagiri, the Kakatiya Kingdom declined. During this period, Reddy tahsildars supported the Delhi Sultans. After the fall of the Kakatiyas, Harihara and Bukka left Warangal and went on to establish the Vijayanagara Empire.
ಿಿDuring the period of Hande dynasty..some Communities are worked under Hande Lingayat.. Kings.. become a kuruba_Hande Kurua,Muslim_Hande Muslim,Rahutaru_Hande Rahutaru,Johisaru_Hande Johisaru
ReplyDeleteKurumas in Telangana are Kurubas who never worked under any caste in telangana Lingayat caste not there. Kuruba kings like vijayanagara hakka and Bukka Raya and kakatiyas and Yadava dynasty like dhevagiri, Paul kingdom etc.. belonged to the Kuruba/Kuruma and yadava community. They mostly followed Lingayat gurus Lingayats are just gurus not kings we never worked under our caste , and during their time, the Lingayats were under the rule of these kings. They had mathas (monastic institutions) similar to temple halls. Lingayats in those times were like present-day spiritual leaders such as Sadhgurus.
DeleteMany inscriptions from the Kakatiya period mention this history, found in Warangal, Golconda, Nalgonda, Ananthapur, North Karnataka, and even in Nizam-era records. These inscriptions state that the Kakatiyas were of Yadava lineage. The heads of Kakatiya peethams were Kurubas (Kurumas), and one such prominent figure was Mr. Kondiah Garu, who followed a Lingayat priest as his guru.
Now, let me tell you the truth about how the Lingayat community was formed. The Lingayat community originated from Kuruba and Dhangar communities. Even today, in Telangana and Maharashtra, many Kurubas wear lingas, carry them, and worship them. Over time, this led to the formation of a separate community, especially after the fall of the Kakatiyas, Devagiri, and Vijayanagara, followed by the invasion of the Delhi Sultanates.
During this period, some caste groups gained power and wealth. For example, the Lingayats became influential, and in Andhra, Kapus, Reddys, and Kammas held positions such as tahsildars, village heads, and traders. When the Delhi Sultanate attacked the Kakatiyas, many ruling-class families lost their wealth. Meanwhile, administrative officials like tahsildars, village heads, and priests (both Brahmins and Lingayats) accumulated wealth.
Lingayats became rich because they were priests, and controlling temple wealth made them powerful. Earlier, Kuruba temples such as Komaravelli Mallanna, Inavolu Mallanna, Gollakonda temple, Yadagirigutta, and Srisailam Mallanna (originally known as Srisailam Mallikarjuna Swamy) were built and maintained by the Kuruma and Kuruba communities. However, over time, Brahmins and Lingayats took over these temples and their wealth.
Tirumala Tirupati temple also originally belonged to us. We fought and regained the right to the first darshan for Yadava people. The government should take control of these temples and return them to the Kuruba-Yadava community, as our Yadava kings built them. In Telangana, all Mallanna and Beerappa temples were constructed by Kurumas, but when Brahmins and Lingayats got involved, they took control of the temple wealth and altered our folklore traditions.
Originally, Mallanna temples were dedicated to our deities, but after Brahmins took over, Mallanna was renamed Mallikarjuna Swamy. Through the concept of Hinduism, Brahmins have erased our history and become wealthy. We Yadavas must fight for our rights because our community, being of Yadava lineage, forms nearly half of India's population.
ಹಂಡೆ ಪಾಳೆಗಾರರ ಕೈ ಕೆಳಗೆ,ಕುರುಬರು,ರಾಹುತರು,ಜೋಹಿಸರು,ಮುಸ್ಲಿಂರು,ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಹುದ್ದೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಕಾರ್ಯ ನಿವ್ರಹಿಸಿದರಿಂದ....ಅಭಿಮಾನ ಪೂ್ರಕವಾಗಿ ತನ್ನ ದೋರೆಗಳ ಹಂಡೆ ರಾಜ್ಯದ .... ಅಭಿಮಾನಕ್ಕೆ ...ಕುರುಬರು#ಹಂಡೆ ಕುರುಬರು...ರಾಹುತರು#ಹಂಡೆ ರಾಹುತರು,ಜೋಹಿಸರು#ಹಂಡೆ ಜೋಹಿಸರು ,ಮುಸ್ಲಿಂರು#ಹಂಡೆ ಮುಸ್ಲಿಂರು ಜಾತಿಗಳು ಕಾಣಬಹುದು
ReplyDeleteUnnikankan kuruba pure kuruba and hattikankan is hybrid kuruba, maharastra unnikankan called dhanagar mean kuruba and hattikankan called Band dhanagar mean not pure kuruba and unnikankan kuruba largest population in maharastra between hattikankan
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ReplyDeleteIn Modern no kankanams.but kuruba is important to me.
ReplyDeletePls reply this
ReplyDeleteIs hatti kankan is hatkar in marathi
You are right..
ReplyDeleteCan you pls call..
7975754089
Hatti kankan means Khutekar Or Hatkar?
ReplyDeleteFor padmagonda First wife is unne kankana ..second wife is hatti..
ReplyDeleteBedaga give the Full details of this anyone know..Bedaga wt is this and Another surname is there
ReplyDeleteAs Unnikankana wears woollen thread and born to brahmin mother i.e. Priest clan , Unnikankana are considered as superior in Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra as well as in Karnataka, owing to their long serving history of Ahilyadevi Holkar along with Peshwa clan. Unnikankana has an aura of brahmin charms. Unnikankana are quiet modern thinkers where as Hattikankana are quiet Orthodox. Being inherited from brahmin mother Unnikankana has better cultural values and good morals where as Hattikankana has poor manners and etiquettes.
ReplyDeleteUnnikankana and Hattikankana both are children of same father. If we value patriarchy, we should live in harmony. Matriarchy is negligible,so it shouldn't matter who is the mother. They both are born to same father. What matters is they are Kuruba.
ReplyDeletePadma Gonda has two wives. The story is thousands years back. Back then it was valid having two wives due to polygamy. So both wives have equal rights as wife. There should be mutual respect between both Hattikankana and Unnikankana.
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ReplyDeleteWhat is the gotra nama for Unni kankuna
ReplyDeleteಯಾರಾದರೂ ಹಂಡೆ ಕುರುಬರು ಇದ್ದರೆ. ಹಂಡೆ ಕುರುಬರ ಇತಿಹಾಸದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ತಿಳಿಸಿರಿ. ಹಂಡೆ ಕುರುಬರಲ್ಲಿ ಬರುವ ಬೇಡಗಗಳು ಯಾವವು. ಹಂಡೆ ಕುರುಬರು ಉನ್ನಿ ಕಂಕಣದಲ್ಲಿ ಬರುತ್ತಾರೋ ಹತ್ತಿ ಕಂಕಣದಲ್ಲಿ ಬರುತ್ತಾರೆ ತಿಳಿಸಿರಿ plz..
ReplyDeleteಹತ್ತಿ ಕಂಕಣ್ಣದವರ ಬೆಡಗಗಳು ಹೇಳಿ
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ReplyDelete- I'm from the Maharashtra-Karnataka border near Latur and Bidar, part of the Dhangar community, specifically Hattikankana.
ReplyDelete- In Maharashtra, we're a small subgroup with unique traditions compared to other Dhangars.
- Even though we just call ourselves Dhangars, we're not familiar with the traditions of groups like Gowada Kuruba.
- Unfortunately, we're slowly blending our traditions with the broader Dhangar communities in Maharashtra.
- Finding info online about our Hattikankana traditions is tough, but understanding our roots is crucial for a stronger cultural identity.
Hello sir , I would like to know our ancestors caste , I know bedagu is honna hakkinavaru, but our caste certificate is having ambiga in it . But helava says that we are shepherds before . So what caste we may belongs to , ambiga or kuruba ???
ReplyDelete